Branch is to tree as petal is to ___?

Correct: B) flower

A branch is a part of a tree. By the same 'part → whole' relation, a petal is a part of a flower (B). A root, seed, or leaf is not the whole that a petal belongs to.

Which word is the opposite of “dry”?

Correct: C) wet

Dry and wet are opposites. Hot, clean, and hard describe unrelated properties, so they are not antonyms. The answer is wet (C).

“Every fruit in this box is ripe. There is one apple in the box.” Which must be true?

Correct: A) That apple is ripe.

Every fruit in the box is ripe, and the apple is in the box, so it must be ripe (A). B reverses it, C has no information about outside the box, and D is never stated — none of them are guaranteed.

Red, blue, and green boxes sit in a row from left to right. “Red is immediately left of blue.” “Green is on the far right.” What is the order, left to right?

Correct: D) red, blue, green

Green is on the far right. Red and blue fill the left and middle, and red is immediately left of blue, so left = red, middle = blue. The order is red, blue, green (D).

Scissors is to cut as pen is to ___?

Correct: C) write

Scissors are a tool for cutting. By the same 'tool → its function' relation, a pen is a tool for writing (C). Paper, ink, and desk are not the action the tool performs.

Just as a violin is a kind of instrument, which is a kind of metal?

Correct: B) copper

A violin is a member of the category 'instrument.' By the same 'category → member' relation, a member of 'metal' is copper (B). Wood, glass, and plastic are not metals.

“Lunch was either curry or ramen. It was not ramen.” Which must be true?

Correct: D) Lunch was curry.

It was one of exactly two options, curry or ramen, and ramen is ruled out, so it must have been curry (D). Eliminating one of a two-way choice fixes the other.

A meeting, a training, and an interview are each assigned to Monday, Tuesday, or Wednesday. “The meeting is on Monday.” “The training is on a later day than the interview.” What happens on Wednesday?

Correct: A) the training

The meeting is Monday. Training and interview fill Tuesday and Wednesday, and the training is later than the interview, so interview = Tuesday and training = Wednesday. Wednesday is the training (A).

Dog is to puppy as cat is to ___?

Correct: B) kitten

A puppy is a dog's young. By the same 'adult → its young' relation, a cat's young is a kitten (B). Tail and fur are body parts, and a mouse is prey — different relations.

Just as bread is made from wheat, which is made from grapes?

Correct: C) wine

Wheat is the raw material of bread. By the same 'raw material → product' relation, wine is made from grapes (C). Milk, sugar, and rice are not made from grapes.

“If you are a member, you get a discount. Tanaka is a member.” Which must be true?

Correct: A) Tanaka can get a discount.

Applying 'if member, then discount' to the fact that Tanaka is a member gives that Tanaka gets a discount (A). B is the converse and C is the inverse — neither follows. D is unrelated.

A, B, C, and D sit in a row from left to right. “A is at the far left.” “B is immediately right of C.” “D is not at the far right.” Who is at the far right?

Correct: A) B

Seat 1 = A. B is immediately right of C, so C and B are adjacent at (2,3) or (3,4). If (2,3), then D takes seat 4 — the far right — which violates 'D is not far right.' So C,B = (3,4), making B the far right (A), and D is fixed at seat 2.

Warm intensified becomes hot. By the same intensifying, cool intensified becomes ___? Warm : hot = cool : ___

Correct: D) cold

Hot is the stronger degree of warm — a 'mild → intense' relation. On the cold side, intensifying cool gives cold (D). Lukewarm and comfortable are milder, and warm is the opposite side.

As “receive” pairs with “send,” which pairs with “export”? Send : receive = export : ___

Correct: C) import

Send is outward and receive is inward — an 'outbound ↔ inbound' pair. Export is outward, so its inbound counterpart is import (C). Produce, sell, and transport are not directional opposites of export.

“Everyone who passed took the exam.” From this sentence alone, which must be true?

Correct: B) Anyone who did not take the exam did not pass.

The contrapositive of 'passed → took the exam' is 'did not take the exam → did not pass' (B). A is the converse and C is the inverse, neither of which follows. D says nothing valid about non-passers, so it is not guaranteed.

About the ages of P, Q, R, and S: “P is older than Q.” “R is older than P.” “S is younger than Q.” Who is definitely the youngest?

Correct: C) S

R > P > Q and S < Q, so overall R > P > Q > S. S is below everyone, so S is definitely the youngest (C). R and P are at the top, and only S is below Q, which fixes S as the youngest.

Branch is to tree as petal is to ___?

Correct: B) flower

A branch is a part of a tree. By the same 'part → whole' relation, a petal is a part of a flower (B). A root, seed, or leaf is not the whole that a petal belongs to.

Which word is the opposite of “dry”?

Correct: C) wet

Dry and wet are opposites. Hot, clean, and hard describe unrelated properties, so they are not antonyms. The answer is wet (C).

“Every fruit in this box is ripe. There is one apple in the box.” Which must be true?

Correct: A) That apple is ripe.

Every fruit in the box is ripe, and the apple is in the box, so it must be ripe (A). B reverses it, C has no information about outside the box, and D is never stated — none of them are guaranteed.

Red, blue, and green boxes sit in a row from left to right. “Red is immediately left of blue.” “Green is on the far right.” What is the order, left to right?

Correct: D) red, blue, green

Green is on the far right. Red and blue fill the left and middle, and red is immediately left of blue, so left = red, middle = blue. The order is red, blue, green (D).

Scissors is to cut as pen is to ___?

Correct: C) write

Scissors are a tool for cutting. By the same 'tool → its function' relation, a pen is a tool for writing (C). Paper, ink, and desk are not the action the tool performs.

Just as a violin is a kind of instrument, which is a kind of metal?

Correct: B) copper

A violin is a member of the category 'instrument.' By the same 'category → member' relation, a member of 'metal' is copper (B). Wood, glass, and plastic are not metals.

“Lunch was either curry or ramen. It was not ramen.” Which must be true?

Correct: D) Lunch was curry.

It was one of exactly two options, curry or ramen, and ramen is ruled out, so it must have been curry (D). Eliminating one of a two-way choice fixes the other.

A meeting, a training, and an interview are each assigned to Monday, Tuesday, or Wednesday. “The meeting is on Monday.” “The training is on a later day than the interview.” What happens on Wednesday?

Correct: A) the training

The meeting is Monday. Training and interview fill Tuesday and Wednesday, and the training is later than the interview, so interview = Tuesday and training = Wednesday. Wednesday is the training (A).

Dog is to puppy as cat is to ___?

Correct: B) kitten

A puppy is a dog's young. By the same 'adult → its young' relation, a cat's young is a kitten (B). Tail and fur are body parts, and a mouse is prey — different relations.

Just as bread is made from wheat, which is made from grapes?

Correct: C) wine

Wheat is the raw material of bread. By the same 'raw material → product' relation, wine is made from grapes (C). Milk, sugar, and rice are not made from grapes.

“If you are a member, you get a discount. Tanaka is a member.” Which must be true?

Correct: A) Tanaka can get a discount.

Applying 'if member, then discount' to the fact that Tanaka is a member gives that Tanaka gets a discount (A). B is the converse and C is the inverse — neither follows. D is unrelated.

A, B, C, and D sit in a row from left to right. “A is at the far left.” “B is immediately right of C.” “D is not at the far right.” Who is at the far right?

Correct: A) B

Seat 1 = A. B is immediately right of C, so C and B are adjacent at (2,3) or (3,4). If (2,3), then D takes seat 4 — the far right — which violates 'D is not far right.' So C,B = (3,4), making B the far right (A), and D is fixed at seat 2.

Warm intensified becomes hot. By the same intensifying, cool intensified becomes ___? Warm : hot = cool : ___

Correct: D) cold

Hot is the stronger degree of warm — a 'mild → intense' relation. On the cold side, intensifying cool gives cold (D). Lukewarm and comfortable are milder, and warm is the opposite side.

As “receive” pairs with “send,” which pairs with “export”? Send : receive = export : ___

Correct: C) import

Send is outward and receive is inward — an 'outbound ↔ inbound' pair. Export is outward, so its inbound counterpart is import (C). Produce, sell, and transport are not directional opposites of export.

“Everyone who passed took the exam.” From this sentence alone, which must be true?

Correct: B) Anyone who did not take the exam did not pass.

The contrapositive of 'passed → took the exam' is 'did not take the exam → did not pass' (B). A is the converse and C is the inverse, neither of which follows. D says nothing valid about non-passers, so it is not guaranteed.

About the ages of P, Q, R, and S: “P is older than Q.” “R is older than P.” “S is younger than Q.” Who is definitely the youngest?

Correct: C) S

R > P > Q and S < Q, so overall R > P > Q > S. S is below everyone, so S is definitely the youngest (C). R and P are at the top, and only S is below Q, which fixes S as the youngest.

Branch is to tree as petal is to ___?

Correct: B) flower

A branch is a part of a tree. By the same 'part → whole' relation, a petal is a part of a flower (B). A root, seed, or leaf is not the whole that a petal belongs to.

Which word is the opposite of “dry”?

Correct: C) wet

Dry and wet are opposites. Hot, clean, and hard describe unrelated properties, so they are not antonyms. The answer is wet (C).

“Every fruit in this box is ripe. There is one apple in the box.” Which must be true?

Correct: A) That apple is ripe.

Every fruit in the box is ripe, and the apple is in the box, so it must be ripe (A). B reverses it, C has no information about outside the box, and D is never stated — none of them are guaranteed.

Red, blue, and green boxes sit in a row from left to right. “Red is immediately left of blue.” “Green is on the far right.” What is the order, left to right?

Correct: D) red, blue, green

Green is on the far right. Red and blue fill the left and middle, and red is immediately left of blue, so left = red, middle = blue. The order is red, blue, green (D).

Scissors is to cut as pen is to ___?

Correct: C) write

Scissors are a tool for cutting. By the same 'tool → its function' relation, a pen is a tool for writing (C). Paper, ink, and desk are not the action the tool performs.

Just as a violin is a kind of instrument, which is a kind of metal?

Correct: B) copper

A violin is a member of the category 'instrument.' By the same 'category → member' relation, a member of 'metal' is copper (B). Wood, glass, and plastic are not metals.

“Lunch was either curry or ramen. It was not ramen.” Which must be true?

Correct: D) Lunch was curry.

It was one of exactly two options, curry or ramen, and ramen is ruled out, so it must have been curry (D). Eliminating one of a two-way choice fixes the other.

A meeting, a training, and an interview are each assigned to Monday, Tuesday, or Wednesday. “The meeting is on Monday.” “The training is on a later day than the interview.” What happens on Wednesday?

Correct: A) the training

The meeting is Monday. Training and interview fill Tuesday and Wednesday, and the training is later than the interview, so interview = Tuesday and training = Wednesday. Wednesday is the training (A).

Dog is to puppy as cat is to ___?

Correct: B) kitten

A puppy is a dog's young. By the same 'adult → its young' relation, a cat's young is a kitten (B). Tail and fur are body parts, and a mouse is prey — different relations.

Just as bread is made from wheat, which is made from grapes?

Correct: C) wine

Wheat is the raw material of bread. By the same 'raw material → product' relation, wine is made from grapes (C). Milk, sugar, and rice are not made from grapes.

“If you are a member, you get a discount. Tanaka is a member.” Which must be true?

Correct: A) Tanaka can get a discount.

Applying 'if member, then discount' to the fact that Tanaka is a member gives that Tanaka gets a discount (A). B is the converse and C is the inverse — neither follows. D is unrelated.

A, B, C, and D sit in a row from left to right. “A is at the far left.” “B is immediately right of C.” “D is not at the far right.” Who is at the far right?

Correct: A) B

Seat 1 = A. B is immediately right of C, so C and B are adjacent at (2,3) or (3,4). If (2,3), then D takes seat 4 — the far right — which violates 'D is not far right.' So C,B = (3,4), making B the far right (A), and D is fixed at seat 2.

Warm intensified becomes hot. By the same intensifying, cool intensified becomes ___? Warm : hot = cool : ___

Correct: D) cold

Hot is the stronger degree of warm — a 'mild → intense' relation. On the cold side, intensifying cool gives cold (D). Lukewarm and comfortable are milder, and warm is the opposite side.

As “receive” pairs with “send,” which pairs with “export”? Send : receive = export : ___

Correct: C) import

Send is outward and receive is inward — an 'outbound ↔ inbound' pair. Export is outward, so its inbound counterpart is import (C). Produce, sell, and transport are not directional opposites of export.

“Everyone who passed took the exam.” From this sentence alone, which must be true?

Correct: B) Anyone who did not take the exam did not pass.

The contrapositive of 'passed → took the exam' is 'did not take the exam → did not pass' (B). A is the converse and C is the inverse, neither of which follows. D says nothing valid about non-passers, so it is not guaranteed.

About the ages of P, Q, R, and S: “P is older than Q.” “R is older than P.” “S is younger than Q.” Who is definitely the youngest?

Correct: C) S

R > P > Q and S < Q, so overall R > P > Q > S. S is below everyone, so S is definitely the youngest (C). R and P are at the top, and only S is below Q, which fixes S as the youngest.